1. What is the ultimate goal of teaching and learning in language programmes?

There is now a widely held agreement that the fundamental goal of teaching and learning in languages programmes should be to help students to develop their communicative competence in the target language.

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is one such realisation. Task is what language learners carry out for themselves as a means to drive second language acquisition (SLA) forward. (East, 2021)

Reference: 

East, M. (2021). Foundational principles of task-based language teaching (p. 214). Taylor & Francis.